madonna Essay -- essays research papers

Have you at any point heard a tune once and was always unable to get the tune off of your mind regardless of how diligently you attempted? I realize that has transpired on a few events. Regardless of whether we appreciate the tunes or not, there is something in particular about music inside mainstream society that drives the American open wild. Tragically, for at some point the music business was generally shut off to ladies. Obviously there were evident special cases to this, since skilled female craftsmen have existed through the ages, yet all in all there were relatively few female specialists that got a great deal of airplay and surely none were considered altogether powerful in the music business. As of late the United States has started to encounter a women’s melodic renaissance. Women’s jobs in popular music are consistently developing. There have been numerous exceptional female artists and vocalists in the past that have helped in making the music business to a lesser extent a male stubborn society, from Aretha Franklin, Mo Tucker, and Ella Fitzgerald to pop symbols like Courtney Love, Queen Latifa, and Melissa Ethridge. Close by these, there are two ladies who have vanquished most obstructions they’ve confronted and, what's more, constrained the music business to turn out to be to a greater extent a female amicable condition. Those two ladies are Madonna and Brittany Spears. Madonna is a craftsman that most Americans are extremely acquainted with. From discourteousness to noble cause, she is consistently in the open eye. Madonna took ladies and sex through a quantum jump and her one of a kind style and pizazz has been engraved on mainstream society for eternity. Other than making significant patterns in music she was liable for some style proclamations all through the eighties and nineties (Gandee 307). Up until 1982, female sexuality was generally a recommendation of cleavage and tight-fitting pants, at that point Madonna appeared in 1983 wearing her Victoria's Secrets outwardly, and significant trouble come to the surface. Madonna Ciccone was conceived in 1958 close to Motown, to a designer father and homemaker mother, the oldest of eight youngsters. The one thing infant Madonna needed more than anything was to get renowned. She prepared on piano and move, and pursued practically any action that would place her face in general visibility. When she turned twenty, she believed she had stood by long enough for popularity to discover her, and went out searching for it. All through her vocation as one of America’s whizzes, Madonna kept up quite a bit of her imaginative control while... ...stry appear to be reachable to everybody. Their achievements speak to a large number of the ongoing triumphs won by ladies in the music business; Accomplishments like Lilith Faire and Rock for Choice. In spite of the fact that numerous entryways have been opened there are numerous that have stayed closed. For example, the way that numerous names decide to showcase female specialists like sex images as opposed to depending on their capacity to perform. A ladies performer are turning out to be increasingly obvious, and with this perceivability comes power. Ani DiFranco and Madonna are only two instances of ladies who are beginning their own record marks and marking their own groups. By doing this they are safeguarding that female craftsmen get heard. Clearly, only one out of every odd ladies artist can have this sort of assurance, however the way that they are in front of an audience playing what they love, music, makes them amazing. O’Dair, Barbara. "Introduction". The Rolling Stone Book of Women In Rock. Ed. Barbara O’Dair. New York: Random House, Inc., 1997. Udovitch, Mim. "Madonna". The Rolling Stone Book of Women in Rock. Ed. Barbara o’Dair. New York:Random House,Inc.,1997. Gandee, Charles. "In The Closet With Madonna". Vogue Oct. 1997: 306-313, 378.

Corporate Social Responsibility Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Holdings

Question: Examine about theCorporate Social Responsibilityfor Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Holdings. Answer: Presentation CSR represents Corporate Social Responsibility and a CSR can be characterized as a term or an act of a business, which gives distinctive various advantages to the general public. A businesss CSR comprises of countless strategies, which is capable of giving a section from the companys benefit for the foundation purposes or for some other procedures required for the usage of greener business undertakings. The corporate social duties comprise of different sorts of practices or at the end of the day, we can say that different kinds of obligations are being done by the various kinds of organizations as to satisfy their social obligations. Ecological endeavors, charity, moral work works on, chipping in, and so on., are a portion of the pieces of business social duty rehearses. In the natural exertion stage the primary focal point of the corporate social duty is on the improvement of the earth or its encompassing. A huge piece of carbon is delivered by the diverse various exercises of the c orporate area, subsequently they can take a few activities for lessening the carbon in nature, which is valuable for the organization just as for the general public. In the magnanimity stage, the organizations satisfy their social duties by giving to different altruistic trusts working over the globe or inside the nation itself (O'Keefe, 2014). Assessing a CSR Report by Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Holdings Treating the workers of the organization morally and decently goes under the period of moral work rehearses. While playing out the moral work rehearses the organization or any sort of business can without much of a stretch play out its social duties. In the chipping in stage, the organization goes to different kinds of volunteer occasions masterminded the purpose of the general public or some other government assistance purposes. The dynamic investment of the every single little, medium or enormous business helps that business in making a decent picture in the general public by indicating its genuineness towards the general public. To show their anxiety in regards to the different explicit issues with no desires satisfy their social obligation. The contextual investigation informs us concerning the CSR correspondence report of the Sompo Holdings, which is a Japan based organization and was set up in the year2010 having different partnered bunch organizations inside the nation just as abroad (Sakurada, 2016). The CSR given for the situation study incorporates different ward-looking realities, which are straightforwardly affected by the companys plans and other administration approaches. MR. Kengo Sakurada is the president and the CEO of the organization and all the depiction and targets identified with the CSR are characterized by him for the effective execution of the working procedure (Sakurada, 2010). The CSR report of the organization characterizes different goals, focuses to be accomplished and difficulties to be looked by the organization later on. The CSR material of the organization is absolutely reliant on different factors other than to universal social patterns. The CSR report of the organization is masterminded or structured by the five material issues of the organization (Inc., 2016). The organization and its gathering branches have been working consistently for the satisfaction of the necessities of the individuals of the nation as quickly as time permits. The organization presents another administration plan in themed of the year for the purpose and the prosperity of the individuals of the nation. The organization has extended its business to a wide range, which incorporates nursing and the medicinal services business the nation over (Karnani, 2010). Every one of these administrations are being given by the organization to the everyday citizens by the utilization of mo st recent innovation supplies, and so on. Every one of these components are liable for giving a superior development to the organization just as for giving a practical society. By utilizing the most recent innovation or any kind of computerized innovation helps in the advancement of the companys business. According to as indicated by the circumstance, the administration of the organization benefits most recent types of gear for conveying an assortment of administrations to the general public (Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Holdings, 2016). The organization is giving the office of driving help and a lot more sorts of administrations through their call places, and so on. For the fruitful achievement of the CSR vision the organization has structured a system, which comprises of various parts like answer for the issues raised because of fiasco, plans for the government assistance of the individuals identified with their wellbeing, dealing with the circumstances raised because of worldwide issues of nature, giving help to the general public by engaging strategy, offering help to the decent variety, and so forth. The organization has additionally characterized some specific quality variables for the different methodologies that will help the organization in taking a few choices or we can say focal points that it has created in regards to the capacities and for the administration reason for the different material issues talked about before (Shah, 2007). The qualities of the organization incorporate the improvement of the imaginative items and the administrations with the utilization of budgetary ability and numerous other computerized advances, which helps in conveying different answers for the issues identified with social issues. This is done and is conveyed to the individuals the nation over using most recent innovation. With the assistance of the partners and different individuals from the organization the advancement of the turn of events and headway of the human abilities is done inside the organization and its gathering branches. Every single agent of the organization, board areas and t he common society effectively take an interest in the entire procedure. The realities identified with the nature of the life and the realities identified with its improvement are done through the different applications and activities of the specialists. All the assets are useful for the advancement reason in the field of craftsmanship and culture (Swinand, 2014). The organization has joined the UN worldwide effect and the WBCSD (World Business Council for Sustainable Development) for the different improvement undertakings. The organization is taking dynamic investment in the different conversations and the endeavors identified with the normalization for the manageability reason. Every one of these errands or the activities are liable for the coordinated effort between all the partners of the organization (4-dealers Team, 2016). The organization offers an enormous number of administrations to its clients just as to the general public. The administration puts forth a few attempts for getting associated with the individuals through the individual cooperation strategy by utilizing advanced innovation, which straightforwardly impacts the interface with the clients. The different kinds of administrations gave by the organization resemble PC Insurance, Life protection, nursing care, medicinal services administrations and so on. The total compensation of the organization for the year 2015 was roughly 3,256,186 million Yen. The organization has set different execution markers for every single kind of CSR material gave. The organization gives different items and administrations which identify with the wellbeing, security and prosperity of the individuals. In this, the organization has given protection to the individuals so each every individual can without much of a stretch adapt up to the circumstances of quake, any legitimate questions, administrations identified with supporting the mishaps, and so on. They are likewise putting forth a few attempts for utilizing eco-accommodating parts through the assistance of different advancement undertakings. For the effective achievement of the corporate social duties the administration of the organization is taking exacting and significant activities with respect to the natural issues on the worldwide premise. For this the persistent advancement is being accomplished for the utilization of sustainable items. In the year 2015, the organization is utilizing 5% of the eco-accommodating items, 18% guards were fixed by the organization, 57% external boards were fixed by the organization for the earth or we can say for settling the issues identified with the earth. The different advances taken by the organization, helps the organization in diminishing the outflow of carbon dioxide in nature by 7.6%, the utilization of the electric force is additionally dimini shed by 2.1% and the utilization of paper in the nation is likewise decreased by 19% from the year 2014. With the assistance of Social Return On Investment (SROI) the biodiversity extents to 2% in the year 2015. The organization has expanded the current portions of SRI reserves and has gotten roughly 20 billion yen for supportable speculation from the store gathered from the benefits. The organization has just given and is offering different monetary types of assistance to address the assortment of social issues through the strategy for credits and different ventures. Around 4 billion yen is given by the organization with respect to the credits for the advancement reason identified with the utilization of sustainable wellsprings of the vitality. The organization has likewise contributed a lot of 51 billion in the development parts of the nation, which incorporates different wellsprings of sustainable power source and the green securities. Roughly 13000 representatives of the organization are taking dynamic investment in the volunteer projects, which shows the contribution of the organization in the networks working for the general public. The organization has the associations alongside the enormous number of NGOs/NPOs working the nation over for the prosperity of the individuals. Regarding the human rights the organization advances the childcare departs among the workers of the organization. Different workshops are led occasionally for the advancement reason just as empowering individuals for the work-life balance. Give equivalent rights to both the male and females working in the organization. The organization is working consistently for giving an enormous number of social insurance administrations to the individuals of the nation and to the individuals living outside the nation. In the drawn out consideration administration

Leadership Styles: Relationship Between Emplyer and Employee :: essays research papers fc

Presentation      Chris Harrison is an independently employed temporary worker. He works out of Newfield New York. He was met on two unique events about a month separated with the point of discovering how he felt about his work. During these two meetings a significant sociological topic rose. It was the topic of authority styles and the connection among Chris and his laborers. Chris has faith in treating the men that he has working for him as men. â€Å"The rest of them may just be eighteen or nineteen however they are for the most part men in my eyes† (Harrison 2005A). Chris has confidence in his men without question. He says that they don't simply cooperate yet have a decent kinship outside of work as well. Chris realizes that they all have some good times while they are working. They snicker and joke around however he realizes that when the cutoff time is drawing near that his men will have the activity done and done right. Chris accepts that his initiative style mirrors the r elationship that he has with his laborers and the efficiency that they complete. As per Madzar 2001, there are two distinct kinds of initiative styles. There are value-based and transformational. Value-based authority is a trade based and pioneer controlled relationship. Transformational initiative is to stimulate the necessities of the subordinates as per the leader’s own objectives, the conclusive outcome being execution past desire. Chris accepts that he is a transformational pioneer. He doesn't control the relationship he has with his laborers. He considers them to be approaches. Chris realizes that his laborers comprehend what the objectives are that he needs cultivated at some random time. He causes them when they need it yet more often than not simply allows them to work and get things done at there own pace. Approach      The essential research technique utilized for this investigation comprised of two semi-organized, subjective meetings led about a month separated. The questioner posed five inquiries during the principal meet. These inquiries were extremely broad with the point of discovering how Chris Harrison felt about his work. These inquiries included 1) what causes you to get going to work ordinary? ; 2) Describe your associates; 3) how could you enter this vocation? ; 4) How carries out your responsibility influence different parts of your life? ; 5) What is the most fulfilling/testing an aspect of your responsibilities? This meeting was completely translated (see reference section A). The scientist at that point utilized inductive thinking to do a substance examination of the meeting.

Trollopes and Wildes Depictions of Victorian Society - Literature Essay Samples

Through the scope of a satirical lens, both Anthony Trollope’s novel Barchester Towers and Oscar Wilde’s play The Importance of Being Earnest take turns examining the carefully structured norms of courtship and marriage in Victorian England. Marital pursuits abound between many of their major characters, and the relations between men and women essentially evolve into a type of business enterprise, where both parties are interested in what the other can bring to the table. The importance of courtship during this period emphasizes the class structure of Victorian England, because marriage evolves into a useful, sometimes even necessary tool that both men and women can utilize in order to maintain a respectable social status.Marriage in the Victorian era is intimately linked with social class in these works of literature. In the first act of The Importance of Being Earnest, the character Algernon makes comments to his servant, Lane, that lead to a short discussion of marri age. Algernon, having no experience with marriage himself, remarks, â€Å"Is marriage so demoralizing as that?† after being told that married households only drink low-rate champagne, something he finds appalling (p. 1699). Lane offers his own advice on marriage, but Algernon dismisses it. â€Å"I don’t know that I am much interested in your family life, Lane,† he explains (p. 1700). As an upper class bachelor, Algernon could never take marriage advice from a servant, since the norms in a lower class marriage could never apply to him. Wilde satirizes this, having Lane openly admit that, as a manservant, his own experiences with marriage do not really ‘count.’ â€Å"It is not a very interesting subject. I never think of it myself,† Lane quickly offers in response to Algernon’s dismissal (p. 1700), understanding that his own married life is of little consequence. It is clear that in the Victorian period, middle to upper class marriages a re very different kinds of social institutions than lower class unions.If a woman fails to procure a good marriage in life, then she cannot procure a respectable class status for herself. Similarly, a woman’s class standing can even prevent her from procuring a good marriage, and thus a woman is unwillingly trapped in her social position. Miss Prism, Cecily’s governess in Wilde’s play, is a respectable woman in the eyes of Jack Worthing because he recognizes that she is valuable to his ward, but Lady Bracknell’s higher class status renders her unable to acknowledge Miss Prism as such. Upon hearing that there is a Miss Prism in their midst in the Hertfordshire estate, Lady Bracknell wonders if this is the same Miss Prism that had formerly been employed in her household many years before, asking sharply, â€Å"Is this Miss Prism a female of repellent aspect, remotely connected with education?† (p. 1737). Lady Bracknell immediately associates Miss Pri sm with a certain foulness and repulsiveness, branding her as someone she considers to be completely beneath her notice. Miss Prism’s choice of employment in education also is an indicator of her social class status. Since she has remained unmarried, working as a governess has become her only reliable option of supporting herself. Even though Jack interrupts Lady Bracknell’s interrogation by explaining that Miss Prism has actually been young Cecily’s â€Å"esteemed governess and valued companion† for the past three years, the lady cannot view her in that manner. Her impression of Miss Prism is that of an unmarried, lower class woman, and Lady Bracknell even mistakens her to be freely and inappropriately associating with Dr. Chasuble. Miss Prism’s social situation in life continues on a downward spiral from Lady Bracknell’s perspective, and she cannot see Miss Prism in any positive light.Similarly, women who do not marry well at all also find themselves subjected to ill opinion and gossip. In Barchester Towers, Madeline Stanhope returns to her family in England from the continent after having â€Å"married the worst of those who sought her hand,† according to Trollope (p. 74). Her husband, Paulo Neroni, was â€Å"a man of no birth and no property,† and eventually the marriage had dissolved into disaster. Madeline’s poor choice in marriage results in her â€Å"fallen† social standing, a status that is physically manifested when it is revealed that she had become crippled after literally falling in an accident: â€Å"She had fallen, she said, in ascending a ruin and had fatally injured the sinews of her knee† (p. 75). The ruin Madeline was ascending metaphorically represents the ascending ruin of her marriage to the bad Paulo Neroni. Her disability is a consequence of marrying beneath her social class, and when it causes a ruckus at the reception thrown in honor of the Proudies’ a rrival in Barchester, Signora Neroni’s reputation in the town worsens.In addition, the social class standings of men also rely upon the acquisition of a successful marriage. It naturally follows then that both men and women find themselves on a constant search for particular qualities in their future spouses in order that they may obtain an advantageous union. The question of income and property comes into play often when a pairing is considered, because more money can translate into a better social class in the Victorian period. The bishop’s chaplain in Barchester Towers, Mr. Slope, is looking to essentially lift himself to the top of society in Barchester, and one of the ways of doing so are through marriage. Through his relationship with the new bishop, an opportunity eventually arises for Mr. Slope: â€Å"Having been thus familiarly thrown among the Misses Proudie, it was no more than natural that some softer feeling than friendship should be engendered† (p. 26). But Mr. Slope is hesitant on securing Olivia Proudie, the eldest, in marriage because â€Å"the doctor had no immediate worldy funds with which to endow his child† (p. 26). The union would not help Mr. Slope’s plans on rising through the ranks in Barchester.Slope soon believes he can actually catapult himself into a more respectable status upon discovering that one of the women in town is the recipient of a rather desirable income. Though Mr. Slope is physically attracted to the flirtatious charms of Signora Madeline Neroni, he believes that a union with the widowed Eleanor Bold would bring him more success, because she has twelve hundred pounds a year to her name, something that greatly pleases Slope (p. 134). Because a woman’s income and property can legally turn over to her husband after marrying, men naturally desire a wife with a great deal of money of her own so that he may add it to his own fortunes and elevate his social standing. Thus Slope abando ns his easier pursuits for the Proudie daughters and Madame Neroni in favor of the rich, sweet Eleanor Bold, believing that the widow would be the best path to obtaining a higher, more respectable social class. Likewise, Algernon’s desire to marry Cecily Cardew in The Importance of Being Earnest is met with derision by his aunt, the Lady Bracknell, because she believes Cecily would benefit too much from Algernon’s social class and eventually want to demand money for herself. She at first gives her refusal to the engagement, but when Jack explains that Cecily has â€Å"about a hundred and thirty thousand pounds in the Funds† (p. 1734), Lady Bracknell changes her mind and is suddenly happy to have this young rich woman join the family. â€Å"There are distinct social possibilities in Miss Cardew’s profile,† she declares to her nephew (p. 1734). Lady Bracknell acknowledges that Cecily has â€Å"distinct social possibilities† because of her fort une, and though her class is considered slightly lower because of the mystery of her parentage, there is still hope for a rise in society. The union between Algernon Moncrieff and Cecily Cardew becomes an example of how money and class come together in a marriage arrangement in order to raise the social and economic status of both parties.If a woman’s income and property become her husband’s after marrying, then a woman in Victorian times must find a worthy husband to share that wealth with in order that she may maintain the respectability that comes with a large fortune. For example, before Jack can marry the lady Gwendolen Fairfax, her mother wants to know that Jack is a reputable bachelor who will not bring Gwendolen’s social class status down in the same manner that Signora Neroni’s did in Barchester Towers. The fact that Jack has â€Å"lost† both his parents worries Lady Bracknell because â€Å"to lose one parent may be regarded as a misfortu ne – to lose both seems like carelessness† (p. 1709). If Jack comes from a family that regularly â€Å"loses† their children and are imprudent with their own fortunes, then Gwendolen cannot marry into such a lineage otherwise she herself might become â€Å"lost† in the carelessness or worse, â€Å"lose† her inherited position in upper class society.Maintaining one’s position in society is important, and this careful preservation is the reason why there are numerous rules and norms when it comes to courtship and marriage in the Victorian period. The events that transpire between the genders in both Barchester Towers and The Importance of Being Earnest are because certain things must be considered before a marriage can be â€Å"approved† between a man and a woman. Marriage has become a type of business opportunity for men and women to increase their wealth and social standing, and each party must have some type of asset to benefit whomev er they are marrying in order that a proper social class is preserved. If the â€Å"requirements† for a successful marriage are met – decent family background, adequate fortune, social respectability – then upper class men and women are free to marry as they please.

Business Plan of Cinema - 1937 Words

2.0 Company Description/Overview 2.1 Name The name of our company is Lucky 7 Cinema. The company is named after the 7 partners consisting of Yew Jian Haou, Yew Jian Ren, Joseph Loh Wai Seng, Vincent Pang Loon Wen, Ngan Khee Jun, Chew Ming Soon and Yap Joe Fu. 2.2 Location We have chosen Subang Avenue to open our Lucky 7 4D cinema. Subang Avenue is a place full of generation Y-ers as well as teenagers. There are many colleges and schools around this area making it a very strategic location. 2.3 History The idea of a 4D cinema came about at year 2011 because we thought that the cinemas in Malaysia are not providing the best facilities and services for the customers. We believe Lucky 7 Cinema can provide better facilities†¦show more content†¦Consumer needs and wants may change with age therefore we promote our service based on age group. 5.2 Targeting We noticed that almost all of the baby boomers who are currently 47-65 years old do not spend their time in cinemas, generation X-ers who are currently 33-46 years old spend less than an hour averagely in cinemas and generation Y-ers who are currently 14-32 years old spend at least 3 hours in cinemas in a week. According to the research we have done, teenagers like to enjoy the environment, sound system, and the 3D service in cinemas. Besides that, generation Y-ers are more willing to pay and try for new stuff compared to the other 2 groups. We believe that our cinema which provides 4D services are able to reach the needs and wants from generation Y-ers and therefore decided to target generation Y-ers as potential customers for our business. 5.3 Positioning Positioning involves developing a marketing mix the targeted segment, so that we are able to know the position of our own firm and compete with other firms in the industry. The way to think of a marketing mix is using the 4P’s framework. 5.4 Marketing Mix 5.4.1 Price The price of the movie ticket are slightly more expensive than Genting’s price but when compared to the duration of the movie and advantages we believe that consumers are willing to pay for it asShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Cinema On The United Kingdom1506 Words   |  7 Pagesimmediate post war period, cinema going was at an all-time high as almost every town and village in the United Kingdom had a local cinema with one screen. Economic recession, the popularity of TV and the introduction of video all served to bring about the closure of a great many of these venues. Attitudes to leisure and spending changed as there seemed to be much more on offer such as foreign travel, consumer goods to mention a few. In addition, those who couldn’t access a cinema felt unable to fully participateRead MoreFilm Theater : A Movie Theater1524 Words   |  7 Pagesscreens. This brings in millions of dollars of additional revenues. According to Nevafilmresearches (http://research.nevafilm.ru/reports/eao/eao2012) Russia has a growing number of screens which are not equipped with 3-D. In 2009-2010 almost 100% of cinemas had a capability of 3-D display. From 2011 the Movie Theaters started to abandon the mass installation of 3-D systems. This because I think it is too early for Russian Movie Theaters to have fully equipped 3-D screens. The 21-st century is a trulyRead MoreMy Views On Architecture And Architecture1535 Words   |  7 Pagesmoulding of the world in order to inhabit it and the geometry of what we build is far from neutral. I chose to explore and research Longford Cinema which is located in the Greater Manchester suburb of Stretford. This astonishing building lies on the junction of Chester Road and Edge Lane, opposite Streford Mall. Designed by the architect Henry Elder. Longford Cinema is an astonishing Art Deco, modernist architecture. In this writing I will look at the building in detail and the architect behind the building’sRead MoreWomen in Society1258 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough the perspective of classical Hollywood cinema. Feminist film theorists claim that the portrayal of women in cinema is only such as to please the spectator in a shallow, physical way. On the other hand, the theorists claim, males are given a much more active role in film, usually in the role of the protagonist. While this is certainly true in many cases, it is not the only manner in which the female gender is portrayed in classical Hollywood cinema. In films such as Howard Hawks’ His Girl FridayRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Starbucks1524 Words   |  7 Pagesincreasing 11% from last year. It can see Starbucks market still getting developing. The marketing objective on this media plan is for Starbucks expand to the children market. The reason for set up this marketing objective is Starbucks is already has a good market position for adults who like coffee, but there also have the other product is suitable for child market, so the media plan will try to find a good ways to expand the market. Target market for Starbucks The target market for Starbucks areRead MoreModern Day Color And Sound Motion Pictures1323 Words   |  6 Pagesadvances the ended with the modern day motion picture. As Jon Lewis States in American Film a History, â€Å"emblematic of our nation’s transformation into a mature industrial society was a series of modern industrial inventions that culminated with the cinema: Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone (1876), Thomas Edison’s phonograph (1877), Henry Ford’s first ‘horseless carriage’ (1896), and finally Edison’s first projected and screened moving pictures (1896).† (3). The invention of moving pictures beganRead MoreA Brief Look at Spanish Cinema1782 Words   |  7 Pages After nearly forty years of ruling in Spain, the dictator of Spain, Francisco Franco, died in 1975. With his death came a transition to democracy which then presented new opportunities for Spain’s cinema that were previously unseen. Spain began to produce films freely after this new found freedom and in 1981 produced a total of 137 films, 45 of which were co-produtions, then followed that up with 146 total films in 1982 . Though this increase in films occurred after the death of Franco, inRead MoreTo What Extent Did the Weimar Republic Recover Between the Years 1924 and 1929?940 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluence on a global scale. In the year 1928 Germany finally signed the Kellogg-Briand pact which had the purpose of making nations stop using war as a tool of national policy. Nevertheless the most substantial agreement for Germany was the Young Plan; it reduced German reparations to two thirds and resulted the Allied troops leaving the Rhineland. The following arrangements helped Germany receive back its position and partly the reputation in Europe, however most of the ordinary Germans were notRead MoreThe Nature of Business1258 Words   |  6 PagesThe Nature of Business – IMAX This business report will analyse and explain certain significant areas in business environment in reference to the Sydney IMAX Theatre. We will look at the business life cycle, the main elements of the business’s environment, the internal and external influences on the business and the social responsibilities of the business. 1. Classify the business and summarise its stage in the business life cycle, include a brief history The Sydney IMAX Theatre is a large privatelyRead MoreBussiness Plan for Mobile Movie Theater2314 Words   |  10 Pagesdeveloped countries. India thus is a perfect fruitful soil for any new business to bud up and display. It should be highlighted that when recession interfered as an unwanted guest into the global economy, the Indian economy succeeded in surviving with insignificant minor injuries. India is a nation which has a bright history of wonders to showcase who excelled in the various fields of business. It is never the lack of new business ideas in India which remains as obstructing factor, but the restricted

Incarceration Of The Early European Prisons - 706 Words

The early European prisons were known as workhouses or houses of corrections. Offenders were sent to workhouses to learn discipline and regular work habits. Inmate labor was expected to pay for the facility upkeep and yield a profit. In the 1700’s and 1800’s the workhouses were described as disorderly, inefficient, capricious, and discriminatory. This prison situation led to several reform initiatives (Bohm Haley, 2012). Beginning in the 1700’s prison reformist declared that punishment should fit the crime in two senses. The first was that the severity of the punishment should parallel the severity of harm resulting from the crime. Second, the punishment should be severe enough to outweigh the pleasure obtained from the crime.†¦show more content†¦This model was based on a military model of regimentation, academics, and vocational training. Institutions for women were established during this time period as well (Bohm Haley, 2012). Twentieth Century pri sons have been dominated by three types. The first type is the so called â€Å"big house.† Big houses were six teared cells that house 2500 men. The second type is known as the medical model. Under the medical model inmates were subject to psychological assessments and diagnosis. The main treatments were academic and vocational training, along with therapeutic counseling. The third type was a power vacuum that was filled with inmate gang violence and interracial hatred (Bohm Haley, 2012). Privatization was established in the 1980’s. Privatization is characterized as the involvement of the private sector to construct and operate confinement facilities (Bohm Haley, 2012). A 2010 study revealed that 31 state and federal prison systems housed 129,366 inmates in privately operated facilities (Bohm Haley, 2012). Before confinement, punishments were handled with fines, confiscation of property, corporal punishment, and capital punishment. Punishments were commonly carried out in public to humiliate the offender and deter the public. Banishment and transportation were also used as punishment. Banishment refers to making the offender leave the community and live elsewhere. Many times offenders were sent to live in theShow MoreRelatedThe Population Of Denmark And The Uk1535 Words   |  7 Pageschild is under 3-years-old) move in to the prison with them. (Foote, 2013) The prisons themselves are also more ‘open prisons’, where security is minimal and the amount of effort made to resemble the outside world is beyond belief. On the face of it, the only noticeable difference between these open prisons and normal civilian life is that inmates obviously are not allowed to leave. 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Albert Camus The Stranger Meursault Is Aloof, Det Essay Example For Students

Albert Camus The Stranger: Meursault Is Aloof, Det Essay ached, And UnemotioAlbert Camus The Stranger: Meursault Is Aloof, Detached, and UnemotionalIn The Stranger, Albert Camus portrays Meursault, the books narratorand main character, as aloof, detached, and unemotional. He does not thinkmuch about events or their consequences, nor does he express much feeling inrelationships or during emotional times. He displays an impassivenessthroughout the book in his reactions to the people and events described in thebook. After his mothers death he sheds no tears; seems to show no emotions. He displays limited feelings for his girlfriend, Marie Cardona, and shows noremorse at all for killing an Arab. His reactions to life and to peopledistances him from his emotions, positive or negative, and from intimaterelationships with others, thus he is called by the books title, thestranger. While this behavior can be seen as a negative trait, there is ayoung woman who seems to want to have a relationship with Meursault and aneighbor who wants friendship. He seems content to be indifferent, possiblyprotected from pain by his indifference. Meursault rarely shows any feeling when in situations which would, formost people, elicit strong emotions. Throughout the vigil, watching over hismothers dead body, and at her funeral, he never cries. He is, further,depicted enjoying a cup of coffee with milk during the vigil, and having asmoke with a caretaker at the nursing home in which his mother died. Thefollowing day, after his mothers funeral, he goes to the beach and meets aformer colleague named Marie Cardona. They swim, go to a movie, and then spendthe night together. Later in their relationship, Marie asks Meursault if hewants to marry her. He responds that it doesnt matter to him, and if shewants to get married, he would agree. She then asks him if he loves her. Tothat question he responds that he probably doesnt, and explains that marriagereally isnt such a serious thing and doesnt require love. This reaction isfairly typical of Meursault as portrayed in the book. He appears to be casualand indifferent about life events. Nothing seems to be very significant to him. Later on in the book, after he kills an Arab, not once does he show anyremorse or guilt for what he did. Did he really feel nothing? Camus seems toindicate that Meursault is almost oblivious and totally unruffled and untouchedby events and people around him. He is unwilling to lie, during his trial,about killing the Arab. His reluctance to get involved in defending himselfresults in a verdict of death by guillotine. Had Meursault been engaged in hisdefense, explaining his actions, he might have been set free. Meursaults unresponsive behavior, distant from any apparent emotions,is probably reinforced by the despair which he sees open and feelingindividuals experience. He observes, for example, Raymond cheated on and hurtby a girlfriend, and sees his other neighbor, Salamano, very depressed when heloses a dear companion, his dog. Meursaults responses are very different, hedoesnt get depressed at death nor does he get emotionally involved. Heappears to be totally apathetic. Thus, he seems to feel no pain and isprotected from lifes disappointments. Sometimes a person like Meursault can be appealing to others because he isso non-judgmental and uncritical, probably a result of indifference rather thansympathetic feelings. His limited involvement might attract some peoplebecause an end result of his distance is a sort of acceptance of others, thushe is not a threat to their egos. Raymond Sintes, a neighbor who is a pimp,seems to feel comfortable with Meursault. Sintes does not have to justifyhimself because Meursault doesnt comment on how Sintes makes money or how hechooses to live his life. Even though Meursault shows no strong emotions ordeep affection, Marie, his girlfriend, is still attracted and interested in him. .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 , .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .postImageUrl , .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 , .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:hover , .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:visited , .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:active { border:0!important; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:active , .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0 .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u58b72c22ab7cf2bb8c5ea32046fb5ec0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Wal-Marts organizational structure consists EssayShe is aware of, possibly even fascinated by, his indifference. Despite theseemingly negative qualities of this unemotional man, people nevertheless seemto care for him. There are individuals who, because of different or strange behavior,might be outcasts of society, but find, in spite of or because of theirunconventional behavior, that there are some people who want to be a part oftheir lives. Meursault, an asocial person is such an individual. His behavior,while not antagonistic or truly antisocial, is distant, yet it does not get inthe way of certain relationships. While there are some people who might findsuch relationships unsatisfying and limited, Meursault and those he isconnected to seem to be content with their friendships. His aloofness,though, may not have saved him from suffering. It might actually have been thecause of the guilty verdict at his trial for killing the Arab. Withdrawingfrom involvement with people or life events might not mean total isolation orrejection but it does not necessarily protect an individual from pain or a badend.

Nutrition Handout Essay Example

Nutrition Handout Essay The nutrient and energy standards known as the RDA are currently being revised. The new recommendations are called Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). The following chart provides the most updated goals for nutrient intake available for males and females between 31 50. For information about other ages, or special populations such as pregnancy or lactation, please go to www. nal. usda. gov.Nutrient FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS Vitamin A Retinol, beta-carotene and various other carotenoids RDA or DRI RDA Males: 1000 ug RE Females: 800 UG RE Functions in the Body/Benefits Helps maintain good vision (necessary for night vision), resistance to infections, and supports growth and repair of body tissues. Also maintains integrity of white and red blood cells, assists in immune reactions, helps maintain the stability of cell membranes. Member of a large and cooperative bone-making and bone maintenance team. Regulates absorption of calcium and phosphorus for bone health.Fat-soluble antioxidant. Helps ma intain cell membranes, red blood cell integrity, protects vitamin A and fatty acids from oxidation. Helps make factors that promote blood clotting. Dietary Sources Milk, eggs, meat, fish liver oils. Beta-carotene and other carotenoids are found in: Green leafy vegetables kale, spinach, broccoli, collard greens, parsley, turnip greens, escarole. Yellow vegetables carrots, sweet potatoes, winter squash, pumpkin. Yellow and orange fruits mango, cantaloupe, papaya, and apricots. Formed in skin when exposed to sunlight.Also found in dairy products, egg yolk, fish liver oils, tuna, mackerel, herring, sardines, oysters, yeast. Found primarily in plant oils, green, leafy vegetables, wheat germ, whole grains, egg yolk, nuts, seeds, and liver. Bacterial synthesis in the digestive tract. Diet generally supplies remaining need. Green, leafy vegetables, cabbage-type vegetables and milk. Vitamin D Cholecal-ciferol, ergocalciferol Vitamin E Tocopherol, Tocotrienols Vitamin K DRI Males: 5. 0 ug F emales: 5. 0 ug RDA Males: 10 mg ? -TE Females: 8 mg ? -TE RDA Males: 80 ug Females: 65 ug WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS Vitamin B1 ThiamineDRI Males: 1. 2 mg Females: 1. 1 mg Vitamin B2 Riboflavin Vitamin B3 Niacin, nicotinic acid, niacinamide Vitamin B5 Pantothenic Acid Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine, pyridoxal, other forms Vitamin B12 Cobalamin Biotin DRI Males: 1. 3 mg Females: 1. 1 mg DRI Males: 16 mg NE Females: 14 mg NE DRI Males: 5. 0 mg Females: 5. 0 mg DRI Males: 1. 3 mg Females: 1. 3 mg DRI Males: 2. 4 ug Females: 2. 4 ug DRI Males: 30 ug Females: 30 ug Helps metabolize carbohydrates, maintain appetite and normal digestion. Part of a coenzyme used in energy metabolism. Supports normal appetite and nervous system function.Part of coenzymes used in energy metabolism, supports normal vision and skin health. Part of a coenzyme used in energy metabolism, supports health of skin, nervous system and digestive system. High (pharmacological) doses may help manage cholesterol. Part of Coenzyme A, which is used in energy metabolism Part of a coenzyme that helps the body synthesize nonessential amino acids. Significant role in protein metabolism. Part of coenzymes used in new cell synthesis; helps to maintain nerve cells. Part of a coenzyme used in energy metabolism, fat synthesis, amino acid metabolism and glycogen synthesis.Found in many foods: whole grain cereals, legumes, beans, nuts, brewers yeast, wheat germ, pork, ham, and liver. Milk, yogurt, other dairy, meat, leafy greens, whole grains. Tuna, dairy, meat, whole grains, nuts and all protein containing foods. Widespread in foods. Green leafy vegetables, meats, fish, poultry, shellfish, legumes, fruits, whole grains. Animal products (meat, fish, poultry, shellfish, eggs, cheese, milk). Widespread in foods.  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive ; Well: Millennium Nutrition,† Vitamins, Minerals and their Functions Table, Cont.Nutrient Folic acid Folate, folacin Vitamin C (ascorbic acid ) RDA or DRI DRI Males: 400 ug Females: 400 ug RDA Males: 60 mg Females: 60 mg Functions in the Body/Benefits Part of coenzymes used in new cell synthesis. Essential for blood cell formation, protein metabolism, and prevention of neural tube defects. Essential element in collagen formation (strengthens blood vessels, forms scar tissue, is a matrix for bone growth); an antioxidant; strengthens resistance to infections; and improves absorption of iron. Bone health, prevention of osteoporosis.The principal mineral of bones and teeth, also involved in normal muscle contraction (including heart muscle). An electrolyte that maintains normal fluid balance and proper acid-base balance, part of hydrochloric acid found in the stomach. Associated with insulin and required for the release of energy from glucose. Supports healthy bones, muscles, and blood vessels. Assists in iron absorption. Functions in the Body/Benefits Involved in the formation of bones and teeth. Essential component of thyro id hormones that regulate tissue growth and cell activity.Part of the protein hemoglobin which carries O2 in the body. Part of the protein myoglobin in muscle which makes O2 available for muscle contraction. Necessary for the utilization of energy as part of the cells’ metabolic machinery. Involved in bone mineralization, the building of protein, enzyme action, normal muscular contraction, and transmission of nerve impulses Involved in the formation of bone, as well as in enzymes involved in amino acid, cholesterol, and carbohydrate metabolism. Important in a variety of enzyme systems.A principal mineral of the bones and teeth; part of every cell; maintains acid-base balance. Dietary Sources Green leafy vegetables, liver, fortified grain products, legumes and seeds. Abundant in most fresh fruits (esp. citrus) and vegetables. SELECTED MINERALS Boron Calcium NO RDA or DRI DRI Males: 1000 mg Females: 1000 mg No RDA or DRI Non-citrus fruits, leafy vegetables. Milk and milk produc ts, small fish with bones, tofu, broccoli, chard and legumes. Salt, soy sauce, moderate quantities in whole, unprocessed foods and large amounts in processed foods.Brewers yeast, unrefined whole grain cereals, fats, vegetable oils. Liver, legumes, nuts, seeds, raisins, whole grains, shellfish, shrimp. Dietary Sources Drinking water (if fluoridated) tea, seafood. Iodized salt, seafood, plants. Red meats, liver, poultry, fish, shellfish, beans, peas, dried fruit, eggs. Certain foods contain phytates, which may inhibit iron absorption. Chloride Chromium Copper Nutrient Fluoride Iodine Iron No RDA or DRI No RDA or DRI RDA or DRI DRI Males: 3. 8 mg Females: 3. 1 mg RDA Males: 150 ug Females: 150 ug RDA Males: 10 mg Females: 15 mgMagnesium DRI Males: 420 mg Females: 320 mg No RDA or DRI Nuts, legumes, whole grains, beans, green leafy vegetables, seafood, chocolate. Nuts, whole grain cereals, beans, rice, dried fruits, green leafy vegetables. Legumes, grains, organ meats. Abundant in all a nimal foods. Manganese Molybdenum Phosphorus No RDA or DRI DRI Males: 700 mg Females: 700 mg  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† ERGOGENIC AIDS (from American Family Physician, March 2001)TABLE 3 Ergogenic Aids: A Summary of An Assessment of the Current Literature Research on ergogenic effects No benefits Mixed, some positive Ergogenic aid Alcohol Amphetamines Action Decreases anxiety Improve concentration, decrease fatigue and appetite Side effects Significant Significant, dangerous Legality Banned for shooting events Illegal Anabolic steroids Increase strength, Positive lean muscle mass and motivation Same as steroids Same as steroids Decrease muscle breakdown Limited, refutes Significant, dangerous Unknown Illegal Androstenediol Androstenedione AntioxidantsBanned by IOC Banned by IOC, NCAA Legal Legal Legal Refutes, no benefits Significant Mixed, no clear benefits No benefit Mixed, some positive benefits No bene fit Mild at high doses None at doses used Mild at high doses Mild Arginine, ornithine, Stimulate growth lysine hormone release Aspartates Increase free fatty acid use, sparing muscle glycogen Decreases pain with muscle fatigue and muscle breakdown Increases steroid production Increases strength and endurance Decrease anxiety Aspirin Legal Avena sativa Bee pollen Beta blockers Limited, refutes None LegalRefutes, no benefits Allergic reaction Legal Positive effect on Significant fine motor control, negative effect on aerobic capacity Mixed, no benefit from inhaled formulations Supports Mild Banned by IOC Beta2 agonists Increase lean muscle mass Increases aerobic capacity Banned by IOC, legal when prescribed Illegal Blood doping Significant, dangerous  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† Boron Branched chain amino acids Caffeine Increases endogenous Refutes, no benefit Mild at high steroid production doses Decrease men tal fatigue Increases muscle contractility and aerobic ndurance, enhances fat metabolism Increases muscle contractility, enhances glycogen metabolism Increase endurance, decrease fatigue Increases fat metabolism Increases endurance Increases lean mass Mixed, negative Supports Mild at high doses Mild Legal Legal Legal to urine level of 12 to 15  µg per mL Calcium Refutes, no benefit Mild at high doses Legal Carbohydrates Carnitine Choline Chromium Supports Refutes Mixed, inconclusive Mild at high doses None None Legal Legal Legal Refutes, no benefit Safe to 400  µg Legal unless prior daily, potentially deficiency dangerous above this level None LegalChrysin Inhibits aromatase, Limited, refutes increases endogenous steroids Stimulates CNS, delays fatigue Mixed Cocaine Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) Coenzyme Q12 Significant, dangerous Illegal Legal Legal Delays fatigue, acts as Refutes, no benefit None antioxidant Increases aerobic capacity, speeds muscle repair Increases muscle energy, endurance, strength and lean muscle mass Refutes, no benefit None Creatine Supports, Mild insufficient data on long-term use Potentially dangerous Potentially dangerous Potentially dangerous Legal DHEAIncreases endogenous No benefit in steroid production healthy athletes Decrease body mass Limited benefit Banned by IOC, some other organizations Banned by IOC Illegal Diuretics Ephedrine, other sympathomimetics Stimulate CNS, No benefit increase energy, delay fatigue, stimulate weight loss Increases energy, Supports stimulates weight loss Increases aerobic capacity Supports (2004) Ephedrine plus caffeine Erythropoietin Potentially Banned by IOC, dangerous, fatal some other at high doses organizations Significant, dangerous Illegal  © Biscontini findLawrence. om  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† Fat supplements Fluids Folic acid GHB Increase endurance Increase endurance Increases aerobic capacity Refutes Supports Refutes Mild Mild None Significan t, dose-related; abuse potential Legal Legal Legal Illegal Stimulates growth Limited, refutes hormone release and muscle growth Ginseng Increases endurance, Limited, refutes, no Mild, abuse enhances muscle benefit syndrome recovery reported Serves as NSAID Limited, may have alternative, enhances limited NSAID recovery abilities NoneLegal Glucosamine Legal Glutamine Boosts immunity and May boost None growth hormone immunity, no other levels benefits Improves hydration and endurance Same as caffeine Decreases muscle Limited, some breakdown, enhances strength benefits recovery Anabolic effect on muscle growth, increases fat metabolism Refutes, limited ergogenic benefits None Limited, supports Mild Legal Glycerol Guarana (herbal caffeine) HMB Legal (oral) Legal Human growth hormone Significant, dangerous Illegal InosineEnhances energy Refutes, no benefit Mild production, improves aerobic capacity Increases aerobic capacity No benefit unless preexisting deficiency Mild, toxic at high dos es None Legal Iron Legal Leucine Decreases muscle Limited, no breakdown and spare ergogenic effect muscle glycogen stores Same as ephedrine Enhances muscle growth Decreases anxiety Increases energy, endurance and aerobic capacity, enhances recovery Increase endurance by suppressing pain, decrease anxiety No benefit unless preexisting deficiency Refutes, negative effect No benefit unless preexisting deficiency Mixed, negativeLegal Ma huang (herbal ephedrine) Magnesium Mild at high doses Significant, dangerous None at RDA, some toxicities at high doses Significant, dangerous Legal Marijuana Multivitamins Illegal Legal Narcotics Illegal  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† Niacin Increases energy and No benefit unless a Mild at high endurance preexisting doses deficiency Increases aerobic capacity, enhances recovery Increase ATP production, energy and muscle endurance No benefit if given Mild before or after activity M ixed, negative Mild at high doses Legal OxygenLegal Phosphates Legal Phytosterols Stimulates release of Refutes, no benefit Little data, Legal endogenous steroids allergic reaction and growth hormone possible Optimizes muscular growth and repair Supports, increased None unless need for protein underlying with activity medical condition Supports, dietary None sources offer same benefit Limited research, benefit only in specific cases None Legal Protein Pycnogenol Boosts antioxidant levels, enhances recovery Increases lean body mass Legal Pyruvate Legal D-Ribose Selenium Increases cellular ATP No human and muscle power research None knownLegal Legal Enhances antioxidant Limited, no benefit Mild at high functions doses Supports Sodium bicarbonate Buffers lactic acid production, delays fatigue Strychnine Tribulus terrestris Unknown Mild, dangerous Legal at high doses Significant, dangerous Potentially dangerous at high doses Legal Legal No research on ergogenic benefits Increases endoge nous Refutes steroid production Decreases pain Mixed, no benefit perception, increases in trained athletes endurance Increases glycogen synthesis, enhances muscle recovery Tryptophan Mild, potentially Legal dangerous Legal Vanadyl sulfateRefutes, no benefit Mild in healthy individuals None Vitamin B 1 (thiamin) Enhances energy No benefit unless production, increases preexisting aerobic capacity, deficiency improves concentration Vitamin B 2 (riboflavin) Vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) Increases aerobic endurance Enhances muscle growth, decreases anxiety No benefit unless preexisting deficiency No benefit unless preexisting deficiency Legal None Legal Mild at high doses Legal  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† Vitamin B 12 (cyanocobalamin) Vitamin B 15 (dimethylglycine) Vitamin CEnhances muscle growth Increases muscle energy production Acts as antioxidant, increases aerobic capacity and energy production Acts as antioxida nt, improves aerobic capacity No benefit unless preexisting deficiency Mixed, negative None Legal None proven, but concerns raised Mild at high doses Legal No benefit unless preexisting deficiency Mixed, some positive Legal Vitamin E Mild Legal Yohimbine Zinc Increases endogenous Refutes, no benefit Mild steroid production Enhances muscle growth, increases aerobic capacity Limited, negative Mild Legal LegalIOC = International Olympic Committee; NCAA = National Collegiate Athletic Association; CNS = central nervous system; DHEA = dehydroepiandrosterone; GHB = gamma-hydroxybutyrate; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; HMB = calcium beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate; RDA = recommended daily allowance; ATP = adenosine triphosphate.  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† If your lifestyle doesn’t control your meal plan, your diet will control your meal plan.. All References taken from American Dietetic Assoc iation Body Mass Index = weight (lbs. __( _____) height inches x height inches (____)2=_____ 20-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 40 + BMI very low risk low risk moderate risk high risk very high risk Nutr itional Ana lysis S heet x 705 = _______BMI Activity Range . 30-. 40- sedentary . 50-. 60-moderately active . 70-. 80-vigorously active . 90-athlete/instructor 1 Base Metabolic Rate = _______ (10 women, 11 men) Activity Calories = x ________ (body weight) = _______calories /day (maintenance basal metabolic rate/ MBMR) [. 30-1. 0] _______ range of activity] x _________ = _________calories (MBMR) (Activity Calories/AC)Daily Energy Expenditure = ________ + _________ = ___________calories (DEE) (MBMR) (AC) (DEE)  © Biscontini findLawrence. com  ©2007, Biscontini: †Alive Well: Millennium Nutrition,† Body weight = ________ Activity Level = CHO (carbohydrate s) DEE =________ Specific individualized calculations ?Low-Moderate ? Active/Athlete 55-60% 60-75% ( )g CHO ( )g CHO - 3g/lb 3-4. 5 g/lb. __x___ lbs = _______ __x___lbs = _______ 10-15% ( )g PRO -. 4g/lb ( )g PRO 25-30%

Deviant Behavior †Psychology Essay

Deviant Behavior – Psychology Essay Free Online Research Papers In the United States attending school is expected. Public schools do not cost anything because everything is paid by the state. Children do not wear uniforms and the state takes care of the books and transportation. The only thing the family has to provide is school supplies, which generally do not cost much. In the United States, the parents contribute to the income, and children must be taken care of and prepare them for the future so they can do the same. This is different in the third world countries. Parents do not encourage or school is not required for children. Unfortunately the resources for education are not available in most third world countries. Children contribute to income and they start at a very young age. If education is available, the income they receive is for survival and school fees may be too much for a family to provide. In the United States in most states, parents are required to place their children in school or they may have their children removed from their custody. So for some parts of the world education is a privilege while others focus on just the labor of their everyday life to survive. Deviant behavior is usually not taken so harsh if the crime is committed by someone with powerful status. There are usually distinction between the powerful and the less powerful. Usually the penalties are more severe for a poor person, such as dealing drugs, or possession of narcotics compared to a person who is of powerful status. Many actors constantly get caught with possession of some sort of drugs and they never go to jail, if they do it is for 24 hours. The media saves this famous people committing these crimes. If an unknown person is caught with the same drugs, same situation, this person will do jail time. Also the treatment in jails is different for powerful or famous person compared to an unknown poor person. Money allows separation, in all factors. Research Papers on Deviant Behavior - Psychology EssayThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesCapital PunishmentAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Critical Thinking Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Thinking - Coursework Example Effective leadership needs employment of communication strategies geared towards increased openness, job satisfaction and productivity. Every leader needs to realize that the employees need to have an understanding of what is going on in the company as they also need to plan their work in advance. If the leader fails to include them in the decision making process, they feel isolated and just work puppets which is not motivation enough to increase productivity. Inclusivity leads to ownership and productivity (Walker, 2010). Whenever a decision is made in an organization by the leader and which needs immediate action from the employees without explanation about it, proper prior timeline to accept the project and familiarize themselves with it, it leads to complaints from the employees. By explaining the decision prior to making them or immediately after, the leader lets the employees familiarize themselves with it and accept it. Having regular communication means that the leader should not only be communicating with the staff only when there is a project coming up or due but also when they are idle. It creates rapport with the employees and also sows the seeds of trust (Zwilling, 2015). This keeps the employees at ease and they perform better in an environment that is relaxed than one that is tensed. Constant feedback mean that employees get to relay their problems, worries, disappointments as well as ideas and creations to the leader which are useful in preventing conflicts and increasing productivity. In order for there to be constant feedback, the communication system with the leader must be open and trust be created for the employees to be open and truthful in their feedbacks (Zerfass and Huck, 2007). William is anti-technology in communication which is the new and convenient form of communication with the employees. It not only saves paper and printing ink, but it encourages feedback and constant communication. The technological

The Higher Education Crisis by Nicholas Carr Article - 1

The Higher Education Crisis by Nicholas Carr - Article Example Carr is making the argument that the rise of the MOOC and its substantial international demand has opportunities for improving the quality of education for students around the world. Why is this? When the author compares the online courses available through paid tuition, he suggests that it has become a rather homogenous and boring model consisting of videotaped lectures, thus providing little innovation in the learning process. Hence, Carr describes several case studies in which reputable instructors, such as Sebastian Thrun, a robotics teacher from Stanford, are launching free online courses to expand higher education to the less advantaged. While it was expected that a free artificial intelligence class online would receive interest from, potentially, 10,000 students, in reality, the class received over 160,000 interested learners. This massive interest from adult learners prompted Thrun to partner with two other robotics experts to launch a new start-up online learning company, U dacity, in order to attempt to revamp the online educational process and improve its quality. As Carr attempted to illustrate that educational quality had been depleted in recent years, the concept of inspired start-up learning centers allows innovative educators to create new online learning models that are aligned with unique concepts and instructional materials. Laura Pappano of the New York Times describes some of the business model of Udacity, the online company started by Thrun where selecting the appropriate instructors involves a very discriminating set of criteria. Offered a representative of Udacity, â€Å"We reject about 98 percent of faculty who want to teach with us† (Pappano 4). This tends to support Carr’s notion in â€Å"The Crisis in Higher Education† as the MOOC concept seems to break the restrictions associated with university and college bureaucracy and liberates instructors from using a standardized online teaching curriculum and, instead, d eveloping more relevant and pioneering instructional tools and lessons for the MOOC teaching model. The concept of Udacity is that even though instructors might be renowned in their field, they are not always the best educators to provide a quality educational experience. With a more stringent set of criteria for hiring educators in the MOOC, this new concept in learning (enhanced with no-fee learning) could significantly outperform traditional campus-based learning and the for-fee online class experience.  Ã‚  

Country Risk Analysis - Peru Essay Example for Free

Country Risk Analysis Peru Essay SWOT analysis Strengths: Peru is a country blessed with natural resources. In 2010 its exports reached some 23 billion GBP, which was mainly made out of minerals, petroleum and agricultural products. Its mining industry is the largest in Latin America, accounting for 7,7 billion GBP of its total exports in 2010. The climate is also favourable for agriculture, representing 13% of GDP, and employing 30% of the population. In addition, sites like Machu Picchu, Cuscu and Sacsayhuaman make Peru a popular tourist destination for millions of people every year. Weaknesses: Although an advantage when the business climate is favourable, Peru’s heavy dependence upon natural resources and agriculture can prove to be an Achilles heel. Volatile commodity prices and low productivity and fragmented land ownership in agriculture makes the economy susceptible to economic fluctuations. What’s more the country lacks vital infrastructure such as high quality roadways, bridges and flight routes. And as with so many other Latin American countries, high unemployment* threatens the economic and political stability, which in turn affects investor confidence. *Despite a fairly low unemployment rate of 7,9%, the underemployment rate is above 40%, which causes similar effects. Opportunities: In the period between 2000 and 2005 the number of visiting tourists to Peru doubled, and the figure has grown by approximately 11% annually, a trend that is expected to continue. Enforcing the rise in tourism is the announcement that there will be eight long weekends in Peru in 2012, generating some 500 million GBP in extra tourism revenue this year. In 2005, the US and Peru signed a free trade agreement enabling a non-barrier trading relationship between the two countries, which is a huge opportunity as the U.S accounts for 16.3% of Peru’s exports, and 19.5% of its imports annually. Threats: Almost 50% of Peru’s population is poor. This is mainly caused by the extraction industry, where people are oppressed in mining villages and remote communities. Income distribution is extremely skewed, as the richest 10% controls 35.4% of the wealth, and the poorest 10% only control 1.6%. PESTLE analysis Political: Peru is a quite democratic country, after the election of Fernando Belaà ºnde in 1980. However the political environment has been troublesome at best, with several attempts on overthrowing the government, last in October 2000. Alan Garcia, the same man who ran the country into the ditch with four-figure inflation rates in the 1990s, has in his second reign as president (2006-2011) witnessed an amazing economic recovery and growth. Corruption has long been a big problem in Peru, but counteraction was taken in February of 2010 when a dedicated commission was created to deal with the problem, which is especially brought on by the drug cartels. Peru also has a stable relationship with most of its neighbour countries, although their ongoing border conflict with Chile keeps that relationship tense. Economical: The economic environment in Peru has gone from hyperinflation (1991) to deflation (2002) to what appears to be stable growth since 2006. Being an exporting nation they where hit hard by the financial crisis, but kept the growth figure above 0, unlike many other Latin American countries. It regained GDP growth of 8.8% in 2010. In 2011 the credit rating agency Standard Poor raised Peru’s credit rating from BBB- to BBB. In general, Peru has one of the most prosperous economies in Latin America, having tripled in size in the past 11 years. In addition of being a member of the WTO, they also have a non-tariff trade agreement with the US, which has proven most advantageous as the US represents some 30% of both imports and exports. It is worth mentioning that Peru’s economic growth is very much aided by growth in private investment of 13% annually. This is acknowledged by the government, and has led to minor barriers to entry for foreign firms. Social: Since the early 21th century the conditions for Peruvians has improved in many measures. Life expectancy has increased by 4 years to 73 since 2004, and the literacy rate is stable at 90%. However, there is a big split between the rural areas and big cities such as Lima, with 8.5 million people. While people in the cities are lifted out of poverty due to the economic growth, the people living in the rural areas are subject to underemployment and bad infrastructure. The main language used is Spanish. Although some speak Quechua or Aymara, these are mainly spoken by people living in the Andes Mountains. Technological: Peru is known for its substantial bureaucracy and inefficiency, much of which is due to its low amount of technology available. However, more and more people now possess a mobile phone, and Internet usage is increasing steadily. This said these number should be growing as only 10% owns a personal computer, and there are only 3,7 internet subscriptions per 100 people. (http://devdata.worldbank.org/ict/per_ict.pdf) Legal: Although the legal system in Peru appears to lack both independence and efficiency, it has been severely altered to attract foreign investors and aid business. Through removing the requirement for small enterprises to deposit start-up capital in a bank before registration they have made it easier to start a business, and investors are protected through a new law that allows minority shareholders to request access to non-confidential corporate documents. The tax-system has been made electronic, which not only makes it work more efficient, it also makes taxing a lot easier for both parts. It is also legislated that eight-hour days and 48-hour weeks are the maximum working hours, with a minimum wage of $128 a month. Environmental: In August 2010 Peru obtained the Third Programmatic Environmental Development Policy Loan. This money is dedicated to â€Å"strengthen environmental governance, including regulation enforcement, and mainstreaming of environmental sustainability in the mining, fisheries, urban transport and energy sectors.† The funds will also be used to improve parts of the health sector, especially for those exposed to health risks from environmental degradation. This illustrates Peru’s awareness and concern about the environmental issues and their ability to handle them in a way that draws the World Bank’s attention.

Adam Smith :: Political Economist Adam Smith Biographies Essays

Adam Smith Adam Smith, a brilliant eighteenth-century Scottish political economist, had the advantage of judging the significance ol colonies by a rigorous examination based on the colonial experience of 300 years. His overview has a built-in bias: he strongly disapproved of excessive regulation of colonial trade by parent countries. But his analysis is rich with insight and remarkably dispassionate in its argument. Adam Smith recognized that the discovery of the New World not only brought wealth and prosperity to the Old World, but that it also marked a divide in the history of mankind. The passage that follows is the work of this economic theorist who discusses problems in a language readily understandable by everyone. Adam Smith had retired from a professorship at Glasgow University and Was living in France in 1764-5 when he began his great work, The Wealth of Nations. The book was being written all during the years of strife between Britain and her colonies, but it was not published until 1776. In the passages which follow, Smith points to the impossibility of monopolizing the benefits of colonies, and pessimistically calculates the cost of empire, but the book appeared too late to have any effect upon British policy. Because the Declaration of Independence and The Wealth of Nations, the political and economic reliations of empire and mercantilism, appeared in the same year, historians have often designated 1776 as one of the turning points in modern history. The text On the cost of Empire, the eloquent exhortation to the rulers of Britain to awaken from their grandiose dreams of empire, is the closing passage of Smith's book. Adam Smith was a Scottish political economist and philosopher. He has become famous by his influential book The Wealth of Nations (1776). Smith was the son of the comptroller of the customs at Kirkcaldy, Fife, Scotland. The exact date of his birth is unknown. However, he was baptized at Kirkcaldy on June 5, 1723, his father having died some six months previously. At the age of about fifteen, Smith proceeded to Glasgow university, studying moral philosophy under "the never-to-be-forgotten" Francis Hutcheson (as Smith called him). In 1740 he entered Balliol college, Oxford, but as William Robert Scott has said, "the Oxford of his time gave little if any help towards what was to be his lifework," and he relinquished his exhibition in 1746. In 1748 he began delivering public lectures in Edinburgh under the patronage of Lord Kames. Some of these dealt with rhetoric and belles-lettres, but later he took up the subject of "the progress of opulence," and it was then, in his middle or late

Coca Cola in India

Cultural Impact on Business: A Case Study on Coca Cola’s Cultural Issues in India admin August 20, 2012 Blog No comments Socio Cultural barriers faced by coca cola in India Coca – cola, the world’s largest selling soft drink company had established its strong presence in the world since 1886. Coca-Cola is the first international soft drink brand to enter the Indian market in the early 1970’s. Till 1977 Coca-Cola was the leading brand in India; later, due to FERA (Foreign Exchange Regulation Act), they left India and didn’t return till 1993.Coca-Cola had to face many issues regarding its quality, resource exploitation and market exploitation along with price-quality trade-offs. People all over India are challenging Coca-Cola for its abuse of water resource. Coca-Cola had affected both quality and quantity of ground water. Due to its waste extracts, Coca-Cola was criticized for polluting the nearby fresh water and ground water and soil; because of thi s issue, farmers are suffering from water scarcity. Despite all these social and cultural issues, customers are using Coca-Cola due to its strong brand reputation all over the world.This is because Indians are now using more soft drinks and the youngsters are more in this category. However, with many studies and policy changes, Coca-Cola will be able to establish its brand reputation and increase its market share in the near future. This report is prepared from an organizational point of view. The point here is to prepare a report from a consultant point of view, as Coca-Cola has hired us to do a market study and analysis on the cultural factors the company is envisaged to face in the Indian Market.Read further to gain better understanding about the impact of culture on business processes and activities, and also on the business performance. 2. TERMS OF REFERENCE? Our company is the leading consultant in India which focuses on Indian market studies. We conduct market surveys on comp anies and their products. We do market survey based on the present and future market situations. We help our client to have a proper stand in Indian market against their competitors, and help them with strategies to enter the market, market segmentation, product segmentation and sales techniques.It is possible by analyzing the past and present conditions of the company, and by learning their past actions in the society and the economy.? Our client is of United States origin which is a leading soft drink company in entire world. Coca-Cola has got a strong brand image through out the world. Our client is the first company which introduced soft drinks in the world. Public has already accepted its taste and quality all over the world.? Our client would like to know about the present condition of Indian market so tat they can start their business according to that.They also want to know about the culture of the Indian people to know about their consuming nature. The client needs to know whether they can survive in Indian market and what are the drawbacks that they may envisage during their operations in India and that they should consider before starting up the business in India. 3. CURRENT SCENARIO? There has been a great competition between refreshment drinks in Indian market. Coca-Cola is the world’s largest and first soft drink manufacturer. As part of the Globalization program, India has made it easy for multinational companies to enter the Indian market.Globalization has made the whole world into one market by reducing the trade barriers and minimizing the risk. It is noticeable that many multinational companies had failed in Indian market. This failure is mainly due to improper knowledge about the country and the national culture. It is very important to know about the people and their consuming behavior. Culture plays an important role in consuming behavior. Coca-Cola is mainly associated to the issues related to the brand, reputation and Corporate S ocial Responsibility (CSR).?Present situation of the country is favorable for multinational companies to start their business in India. As we had already seen that Coca-Cola is the largest selling soft drink in the world, they do have direct opportunities in the Indian market. Even though it is facing some social problem in India, Coca-Cola has got good market in India. The main target customers are youth who has already accepted the taste of the drink.? Coca-Cola should give more importance for the culture of the people because culture is a major element which decides the consumer behavior and purchasing patterns.India is a country where people are keener towards the culture. Considering Geert Hofsted’s cultural dimensions here in this case, it is clear that, uncertainty avoidance India is less and people are not so flexible to adopt the sudden changes. In India uncertainty avoidance is indexed at 50, which shows that people are sensitive and emotional towards exploitation a nd invasions from other people or culture; so that before entering to the Indian market, it would be a good strategy to avoid such issues by planning the re-entry as a step by step process.According to Geert Hofstede (2001), â€Å"culture is the collective programming of human mind that distinguishes the members of one human group from those of another. Culture in this sense is a system of collectively held values. † It is quite understood from the bellow given chart that the US and Indian culture had got vast difference. So it is not easy to cop up with the Indian market. Therefore, it is important to have a detailed analysis on Indian market so that they can initiate a fail proof and systematic market entry.Source: Geert Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions? 4. ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION? The present situation can be analyzed by SWOT analysis which clearly shows the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats which the client is envisaged to meet. India is a country wh ere the cultural diversity and linguistic differences make it difficult to identify how the company is going to be traded while they enter the Indian market. Indians are those who give more value to trust , value, quality and so on.Therefore, it is very important that they should give importance for Price, Quality and Quantity; which means, Indian consumers have more purchasing power for products like high level of quality with less price; therefore, it is clearly states that the company should not entertain any price quality trade-offs in Indian market.? The below section explains the SWOT analysis of the company. The analysis shows where the company is more powerful in the market compared to its competitors and where it is week and how to improvise them to get more market share in present market.? 4. 1. STRENGTH? †¢ Reputed brand? Global brand recognition? †¢ Bottling system? †¢ Technological advancement? †¢ Efficient management system? †¢ Good marketing k nowledge 4. 2. WEEKNESS? †¢ Lack of knowledge about Indian culture in detail? †¢ Uncertainty avoidance? †¢ Lack of marketing expertise in the Indian conditions? †¢ Hazardous by products and health issues? †¢ Facing issues with water exploitation and resource exploitation all over the world 4. 3. OPPORTUNITIES? †¢ Huge market? †¢ Advancement in technology? †¢ Growing Indian market? †¢ Good brand name? †¢ International trade barriers has been reduced? †¢ Youngsters’ tendency to adapt to the western culture 4. . THREATS? †¢ Threat of substitutes? †¢ Health consciousness of Indian consumers? †¢ Cultural habits? †¢ Price war? †¢ Unstable political condition? †¢ Uncertainty avoidance? †¢ Difference in management styles? †¢ Indian tendency to avoid foreign products The above mentioned are the strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and threats of Coca-Cola’s operations in India. It is very clear from this SWOT analysis that there is good opportunity for Coca-Cola in Indian market because most Indians have accepted the taste, so that it is very easy to penetrate the market and to earn more market share in the Indian market.However, this needs to have clear cut ideas about promotion techniques and public relation activities since the competitors have strong grounds in India market and needs to overcome the pressure raised by socio-cultural barriers.? 5. SOLUTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS? Coca-Cola need to concentrate in many aspects so that they can grab more market share and earn respect from the community members. The company’s brand reputation and brand recognition is not enough for them to grow in the Indian soil. Indians take business so seriously and their approach is entirely different when it comes to purchasing patterns and habits.Therefore, Coca-Cola has to adopt alternate branding and promotion strategies to develop its fan base in India.? 5. 1. PUBLI C RELATIONS? The main and foremost solution is that to communicate openly with the key constituents; including the public, media, employees, trade channels, state and national government and suppliers. They should do an open and honest communication to resolve the problems so that issues can be identified and resolved. An honest and open approach is always appreciated in the Indian society. Communication is the best method through which consumers can have proper and clear picture about the company and its product.Efficient public relation is very much equivalent to a smart and efficient promotion, which eventually make the consumers to buy our products. Communication has its roots in a person’s behavioral aspects. Behavior is directly linked with culture. As Smith et al. , (2002), states, a person’s behavior, cultural values and personality can directly affect a business and the managerial behavior. Therefore it is important to communicate with the customers in accorda nce with their cultural status and values. Without proper public elations and communication there are chances that public may not get good knowledge about products and they may be left unnoticed.? 5. 2. ENHANCE RELATIONSHIP WITH GOVERNMENT? In India, it is widely known that the government systems and procedure lack transparency in its operations. Therefore it is very important to have very close relation with the government. This can be done by actively participating in Government driven charity operations and government initiated infrastructure development. Indian people and government always appreciate any true effort towards the development of the country.This also helps in building reputation among the people. India is a country, where reputation and relationships are valued to the core. They believe in qualitative elements than quantitative elements. (Lothar Katz, 2008). Therefore it is important to keep good relationship with the government. Ethical issues like water resource exploitation etc. are believed to be hyped by the media and not the general public. However, it is important for the company to generate and implement a corporate social responsibility system in India, and operate within the guidelines of that system, which will prevent any such unwanted situations.? . 3. LAUNCH MARKETING CAMPAIGNS? Marketing campaigns are the best way to push a product into Indian market. This will create awareness among the general public which makes the sales easy. Indians would like to have more details on everything they choose; let it be soap, or even a television, they would like to know more about the product. If the product is of optimum value in terms of price and quality, they would definitely go for it.? 5. 4. LISTEN TO THE CUSTOMERS? Consumer behavior is an important part in any business. In order to find the differences and their demands, it is very imp0ortant to listen to the consumers.This can be done by initiating a survey or a feedback system. List ening means, the identification of areas and aspects where the company is lagging. If the company can make the customers feel that they are valued and considered, then they would come back to those particular products. Therefore, it is very important to listen to their comments, make necessary adjustments on service and products and creating a strong customer base. 5. 5. MANAGING STYLE? Management style and its efficiency decide the quality of management in a particular country.Multinational companies are believed to have many managing styles and organizational culture. However, t is important to have a management style tailored to the hosting country’s cultural and social value. Having an alien management style may create issues with the domestic employees in the long run. Also, developing a country specific management style will help in delivering quality and on demand services to consumers and general public; which will eventually help the company in the future. This will also make the employees feel that they are considered and their opinions are welcomed.? 5. 6.PULL BACK PRICE- QUALITY TRADE –OFF PLANS? Indians are those who give more importance for quality and trust. It is practiced in India for many long years. Indians rely more upon quality of the product with lower prices. So India is not a place to follow up with Price – Quality Trade – Off. Even if the prices are higher, Indians may consider this product due to its quality. Indian society and the culture are very much vulnerable to quality tradeoffs.? The above mentioned are the important solutions and suggestions that company should concentrate more in Indian market in order to sustaining in this competitive market.It is too important for a company to have a long life in market; so to attain this they should study the market at first in detail and the culture and purchasing power of the public. 6. SUGGESTIONS? According to Robert Tannenbaum and Warren H Schmidt â€Å"ma nagement styles are characteristic ways of making decision and relation to subordinates†. Different management styles can be applied based on the nature and culture of business, the nature of task, the nature of work force and skills of the leader. This definition is given to understand management style in general.Every country has got its own style of management. It is necessary that they should have a correct view about the management style of particular country. As seen in definition, management varies from business and their task; so it is very important to understand the task and the business at the most and then decide the appropriate method of management. As Elenkov and Manev (2005) suggests, it is the responsibility of top managers to coordinate with the subordinate and innovate in management styles and thereby improving the efficiency of the system.?India is the country where people give more importance to culture. Based on Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimension i n India uncertainty avoidance and long – term orientation is more. Uncertainty avoidance means Indians are too slow in accepting the sudden changes and they follow up with traditional styles so it is more important for the company to do a proper analysis on the consumer behavior and product requirement. Another important factor which should be taken into consideration is Long- Term Orientation. India is the place where this is followed more because Indians are more towards tradition and their customs.It is not easy to make them accept the sudden changes. So there should properly take consideration of long – term orientation also (Geert Hofstede, 2001).? They should also give more importance for Price – Quality Trade- Off issues. Indians are those give more value for trust, value and quality. They are keener towards more quality with fewer prices. They give more value for quality rather price. So it is more important for the company to give more importance for th e quality and their pricing strategy which need to be favorable for their business too.?In business it is not enough to keep present condition safe to have a long life and they need to study the market properly in every moment because the nature of market changes as new competitors come in. So to overcome these fluctuating conditions, they should always keep an open eye on how the market goes in next moment. For this the company needs to establish a market analysis team who can conduct on demand analysis of the market or outsource the task to us.? These are all the solutions and recommendations for the company which should be followed.It is not easy for a company to run business smoothly without considering the issues, especially if the company is of foreign origin. Therefore they need to understand the market and key trends in order to sustain in the market.? 7. FORECASTS AND PREDICTIONS? The company can definitely establish their presence in Indian market once again, because it ha s already got a strong good brand image for long years. As Indians are those who give more importance for trust and quality, this brand image from past will help for its sustainability in Indian market. As India’s population is high, they can get a good customer base.Apart from this, in Indian customers include large number of youngsters who is adopting the modern cultural values and supporting westernization. Thus, it is easy for the company to make them as target customers. Due to globalization, many multinational companies had entered Indian market and Indians had accepted many of those companies which clearly say Coca-Cola still have large potential and scope in the Indian market. As India is in the stage of modernization and economic reform, the consumption of soft drinks has been increased so it is a good opportunity for Coca-Cola to make a proper stand in Indian market.After considering the above mentioned solutions and recommendations it is sure that the company can m ake a proper stand in Indian market and re-establish their operations for ever. 8. CONCLUSION? Conclusion is the important part of a case study. After doing a detailed study on socio-cultural barriers of Coca-Cola in India, the most noticeable factor is the company is not following and considering the social and cultural trend and factors. The main drawback which Coca-Cola is facing is it is going against environment or exploiting environment.The company is using fresh water in such a large quantity where there is a crisis for fresh drinking water; apart from that, due to its waste discharge they have been spoiling the water and soil. Therefore farmers are facing numerous problems with their crops. Because of these reasons Coca-Cola is facing problems in India. These problems are indirectly affecting the life of the people staying near by to the manufacturing plant. Apart from this culture is the most important factor which company should keep in mind for further development.?From t he above given recommendation, suggestions and analysis, it is clear that the cultural and economic conditions in India is stable and favorable for the company, but the environmental problems are making g issues among the public and government. Therefore, as suggested, the company should employ an efficient corporate social responsibility team to monitor their operations in the Indian sub-continent and make policies to overcome any such instances. With the help of these suggestions, Coca-Cola can make a brilliant come back to the market. . REFERENCES? 1. Robert Tannenbaum and Warren H. Schmidt, The continuum of Leadership Behavior. [online] Available at: http://www. stewart-associates. co. uk/leadership-models. aspx Accessed on 11th January 2011? 2. PETER B. SMITH, MARK F. PETERSON and SHALOM H. SCHWARTZ, 2002. CULTURAL VALUES, SOURCES OF GUIDANCE, AND THEIR RELEVANCE TO MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR – A 47-Nation Study. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY, Vol. 33 No. 2, pp. 188-208? 3. Lothar Katz, 2008. Negotiating International Business – India. [online] Available at: http://www. lobalnegotiationresources. com/cou/India. pdf Accessed on: 11th January 2011? 4. Detelin S. Elenkov and Ivan M. Manev, 2005. Top Management Leadership and Influence on Innovation: The Role of Sociocultural Context. Journal of Management, Vol. 31 No. 3, pp. 381-402? 5. Hofstede, G. , 2001. Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.? 6. Geert Hofstede, Cultural Dimensions of India, [online] Available at: http://www. geert-hofstede. com/hofstede_india. html Accessed on 11th January 2011? 7. Casestudy. co. in, New Coke: A Classic Brand Failure, [online] Available at: http://casestudy. co. in/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/Classic_Failure_Coke. pdf Accessed on: 10th January 2011? 8. SWAMINATHAN S ANKLESARIA AIYAR, 2001. What makes MNCs quit India. The Times of India, Published on: 4th November 20 01, [online] Available at: http://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/business/india-business/What-makes-MNCs-quit-India/articleshow/1602986123. cms Accessed on: 11th January 2011